The Level of Activity of Daily Living among the Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh: a quantitative study.

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) affects over 537 million people worldwide, with rising cases in Bangladesh. This chronic condition impairs ADL performance, reducing quality of life. However, its impact in Bangladesh remains underexplored. This study examines how T2DM affects daily functioning in Bangladesh. Aim: This study aims to quantitatively assess the impact of Type 2 diabetes on the ability of individuals in Bangladesh to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). The research will focus on identifying which ADLs are most affected by the condition. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative research design will be used to collect data from Type 2 diabetes patients in hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The Katz Index of Independence in ADLs will assess participants' independence in bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding. Sociodemographic data, including age, gender, and diabetes duration, will also be collected to analyze their impact on ADL impairment. Results: The study found that 82.0% of participants were independent in bathing, 81.4% in dressing, and 90.4% in feeding. However, 38.3% of participants were dependent in toileting, 23.4% on transferring, and 25.1% on incontinence. Overall, 44.3% of participants were fully independent, 41.9% were partially dependent, and 13.8% were fully dependent in their ADLs. Age and the severity of diabetes significantly impacted ADL performance, with older participants and those with uncontrolled diabetes showing higher levels of dependency. This highlights the need for targeted interventions, including lifestyle changes and physical activity, to improve ADL independence among diabetic patients in Bangladesh. Conclusion: This study highlights how Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) affects ADL performance in Bangladesh. Older age and severe diabetes increase dependency, especially in toileting and transferring. Targeted interventions, like lifestyle changes, are crucial to improving independence and quality of life. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), Katz Index of Independence, Lifestyle modifications.