Physical Aggression Among Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Abstract

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive activities, with a worldwide prevalence of approximately 1 in 100 children. Aggression in children with ASD creates major challenges for families, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Understanding its types and levels helps healthcare professionals, educators, and caregivers develop effective strategies for managing aggressive behaviors. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess and determine the level of physical aggression among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used, including 220 caregivers of children with ASD (3–18 years) from various rehabilitation centers and educational institutions in Dhaka and Gazipur by convenience sampling. The Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression: The Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) instrument was used to assess multiple forms of aggression. Statistical analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS version 25 to identify level and relationships. Results: The study found a high aggression level in children and adolescents with ASD, with hostility (97.72%) and covert aggression (89.09%) most common. Most cases were mild, with reactive aggression. No significant associations were found between demographic characteristics and specific types of aggression. Conclusion: This research provides novel insights into the level and nature of aggression in children and adolescents with ASD in Bangladesh. Future research should focus on longitudinal designs, greater sample numbers, and more diverse geographic regions to build on these findings. Key words: ASD, Aggression, Children, Behavioral Challenges, Bangladesh