Challenges faced by speech and language therapists in delivering speech and language therapy services across BANGLADESH

Abstract

Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) services are essential for addressing communication and swallowing disorders. However, Speech and Language Therapists (SLTs) face multiple challenges while delivering these services effectively in Bangladesh. Despite the growing demand, limited research explores these challenges, leaving a significant gap in understanding and addressing the barriers to effective therapy delivery. The study explores the challenges faced by Speech and Language Therapists (SLTs) in delivering Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) services across Bangladesh. To gain in-depth insights into the SLTs' experiences, a qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with SLTs in diverse settings, including hospitals, clinics, schools, and community health centers. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring themes and patterns. Seven primary themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Professional Challenges, (2) Challenges in Engaging Clients and Families, (3) Training and Professional Development Challenges, (4) Cultural and Linguistic Barriers, (5) Financial and Emotional Barriers, (6) Institutional Challenges, and (7) Awareness and Advocacy. Each theme highlighted specific categories of barriers, ranging from resource shortages and limited training opportunities to cultural misconceptions and lack of institutional support. SLTs in Bangladesh face multifaceted challenges that hinder the effective delivery of therapy services. Addressing these barriers requires targeted interventions, including improved training opportunities, policy-level changes, financial support, and cultural sensitization programs. Future research should focus on developing strategic frameworks to mitigate these challenges and enhance the accessibility and effectiveness of SLT services in Bangladesh. Keywords: SLT, SLTs, Professional Challenges, Cultural and Linguistic Barriers, Awareness & Advocacy.