Level of Body Image Disturbance and Self-Esteem among Adolescents with Amputation in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is a sensitive period for developing self-identity and confidence. Experiencing a lower-limb amputation during this stage can negatively impact body image, self-esteem, and social participation. Understanding body image disturbance and self-esteem levels among adolescents with limb amputation is crucial for planning effective psychosocial and rehabilitation interventions. Aim: To assess the levels of body image disturbance and self-esteem and its associated factors among adolescents with amputation. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 59 adolescents with amputation. Data were collected through telephone interviews using standardized tools, the Amputee Body Image Scale Revised (ABIS-R) to assess body image disturbance and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) to measure self-esteem levels. Results: Among the 59 participants, 57.6% reported low body image disturbance, while 42.4% experienced high disturbance. Regarding self-esteem, 69.5% had low self-esteem and 30.5% had high self-esteem, indicating that the majority struggled with negative self perception and reduced confidence following amputation. Gender differences showed no significant variation in body image disturbance (P = .974), but females exhibited significantly higher self-esteem (P = .041) than males. Participants who were the main earners in their households demonstrated significantly lower body image disturbance (P = .001), suggesting that engagement in meaningful roles and financial responsibility may contribute to better body image adjustment. Conclusion: The results show that Bangladeshi adolescents with amputation experience significant psychosocial difficulties, including high body image disturbance and low self esteem. Gender and socioeconomic factors influence their adjustment, highlighting the need for individualized support. Incorporating occupational therapy, peer support, and counseling into rehabilitation can improve self-perception and social reintegration. Keywords: Body image disturbance, self-esteem, adolescents, lower limb amputation, psychosocial adjustment, Bangladesh.