Risk factors of development of low back pain for the patients attended at CRP

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the risk factors of development of low back pain for the patient attended at CRP. Objectives: To find out the risk factors associated with development of low back pain; to explore the socio-demographic information of the affected group; to determine vulnerable age group of low back pain; to assemble the association between low back pain and possible exposure (previous back injury, working posture, smoking, obesity, lifting heavy object, positive family history, lack of exercise). Methodology: A hospital based unmatched (1:1) case-control study was carried out to complete the objectives of the study. 50 participants with LBP were identified from musculoskeletal unit of CRP as case and another 50 healthy people were selected as control. The data was collected by using a structural questionnaire by face to face interview. Data were analyzed through SPSS 16 version. Results: The mean age of 100 participants was 41.08 (±11.91). The mean age for case was 42.22 (±13.31) and control was 39.94 (±10.31). Highest frequency (n=15) of the age range was 50-70 years among the case. A total 51% respondent was male and 49% was female. Among the affected participants 46% were male and 54% were female and male female ratio was 1:1.7. 22% of the affected respondents have at least some secondary education. 76% cases and 26% control were from rural area. The factors significantly associated with the development of low back pain were previous back injury (OR 17.25; 95%CI, 5.37-55.46), poor working posture (OR 9.21; 95% CI, 3.42-24.52), smoking (OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.36-8.99), obesity (OR 16; 95% CI, 3.49-73.41), positive family history (OR 15.79; 95% CI, 5.76-43.35), lack of exercise (OR 0.053; 95% CI, 0.02-0.17), lifting heavy object (OR 8.14; 95% CI, 3.32-19.94), poor sitting posture (OR 11.96; 95% CI, 4.29-33.4). Conclusion: The result of the study demonstrates that life style factor and other exposure are associated with the occurrence of low back pain. It is important to take comprehensive preventive measures to address a range of work and life conditions that can be improved to decrease the incidence of low back pain.